Objective To observe the effect of different concentrations of uric acid(UA)on expression of fibrosis-related regulatory factors in human renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2), and to establish UA-induced fibrosis model in HK-2 cells for study of renal fibrosis diseases. Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of UA for 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, respectively, and the cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Real-Time PCR were employed to investigate the mRNA expression of TGF-β1, CTGF, and α-SMA. The protein levels of TGF-β1, CTGF, and α-SMA were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on HK-2 cells exposed to UA for 24 h. Results MTT assay showed that UA could induce marked decrease of cell viability in a time-dependent manner as compared with the untreated control cells(P<0.05). The mRNA levels of TGF-β1, CTGF and α-SMA were increased time-dependently when HK-2 cells were treated with with UA(P<0.05). The protein levels of TGF-β1, CTGF and α-SMA were increased significantly in HK-2 cells treated with 26 mg/dL UA for 24 h(P<0.05). Conclusion UA could inhibit HK-2 cell proliferation and the cells model of renal fibrosis could be established by UA induction.