Objective To investigate the regular role of sympathetic nerve on bone formation and remodeling during the period of extraction socket healing. Methods Sympathetic denervation model was established by modified unilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy(SCGx)in Sprague-Dawley rats. The neonatal bone mass and composition of new bone in the extraction socket were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Result Compared with the control group, the new bone formation(at 3, 7 and 14 days), woven bone mass(at 3 days)and lamellar bone formation(at 7, 14 and 21 days)was significantly higher in the SCGx group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Sympathetic nerve plays an important regular role in the period of extraction socket healing, and sympathetic denervation promotes the new bone formation and bone remodeling.