Objective To investigate the prognosis of different post-operative adjuvant therapies in patients of early-stage cervical cancer with different expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(Ki-67). Methods Of 156 postoperative patients with stageⅠB1～ⅡA cervical squamous cell carcinoma, 94 received radiotherapy and 62 received chemoradiotherapy. The expression of Ki-67 was detected by immunohistochemistry at diagnosis. Two clinical outcomes, being disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)after either adjuvant treatment schemes in relationship with the status of Ki-67 repression were statistically analyzed. Results For the 98 cases of early-stage cervical cancer with Ki-67 positive expression, the median DFS and OS were 60 months(95% confidence internal:43.3～76.7 months)and 62 months(95% confidence internal:45.3～78.7 months). Of those 98 cases, ones who accepted radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy, had median of DFS of 52 months(95% confidence internal:28.9～72.3 months)and 69 months(95% confidence internal:42.6～95.4 months)(P=0.047),and had median OS of 55 months(95% confidence internal:37.7～75.1 months)and 71 months(95% confidence internal:44.4～97.6 months)(P=0.041). For the 58 cases of early-stage cervical cancer with Ki-67 negative expression, the median of DFS and OS were 72 months(95% confidence internal:54.7～89.3 months)and 75 months(95% confidence internal:59.0～91.0 months), with no significant difference statistically in the median DFS and OS between radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy(P>0.05). Conclusion For early-stage cervical cancer post-operatively, chemoradiotherapy is superior to radiotherapy in patients with Ki-67 positive expression, based on our comprehensive analysis. Whether the expression of Ki-67 after operation can be used as a screening index to choose the postoperative adjuvant therapy for patients with early-stage uterine cervical cancer needs to be further studied.