Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)combined with scleral buckling(SB)surgery on complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD). Methods 21 cases(21 eyes)of complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which had undergone pars plana vitrectomy combined with scleral buckling surgery in our hospital were included in the study, and the evaluation indexes were retinal anatomic reattachment and best corrected visual acuity(BCVA). Results Postoperative complications included 6 cases of complication with cataract and 3 eyes with temporary high IOP. There were no other serious complications. After 3～12 months, all cases underwent silicone oil removal surgery, while the cases complicated with cataract underwent phacoemulsification in combination with the intraocular lens implantation(Phaco+IOL). All eyes had retinal anatomic reattachment. The best corrected visual acuity was improved with 2～7 lines and average being 5.2 lines. Compared to the preoperative evaluation, the improvement in the best corrected visual acuity was statistically significant(P>0.01). Conclusion Pars plana vitrectomy combined with scleral buckling surgery is an effective method for some complicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which could not be cured by routine vitreous retinal surgery.