Objective To study triglyceride content in the coix seed oil and to establish a qualitative and quantitative analysis method of coix seed oil. Methods Titration was used to study triglyceride content in the coix seed oil. TLC was applied to identify the characteristic components in the coix seed oil. After derivatization, gas chromatography was used to determine the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid, through internal standard method with methyl salicylate as the internal standard substance. Results Total esters content based on triglyceride content in the coix seed oil was not less than 95%. The qualitative identification with TLC was specific. Under the GC, methyl oleate had a good linearity in the range of 0.054 4～1.087 2 mg/mL, and the average recovery was 97.92%(RSD=1.24%, n=6). The methyl linoleate content was in the range of 0.041 5～1.050 8 mg/mL, while its average recovery was 100.4%(RSD=2.23%, n=6). In the 3 batches of coix seed oil, the content of oleic acid were 59.59%, 58.29% and 58.67%; and the content of linoleic acid were 25.17%, 24.31% and 24.77%. Conclusion The established method for triglyceride content, TLC and GC are simple, accurate and reliable, which can be well used in quality control of coix seed oil.