Objective To retrospectively study the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy(AC)following sequential chemoradiotherapy for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods 172 cases of locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma were reviewed, among them 94 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)followed by intensity modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),while 78 received NACT plus IMRT followed by adjuvant chemotherapy(AC). The survival rates were assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The multivariate analysis was performed by using the Cox proportional hazards regression tests. Results The 3-year overall survival(OS), progression-free survival(PFS), recurrence-free survival(RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS)rate for the two groups(the NACT+IMRT group vs NACT+IMRT+AC group)were 86.66% vs 84.47%,77.38% vs 75.31%,92.65% vs 86.00%,and 83.20% vs 88.64%, respectively. There was no significant difference in all parameters between the two groups(P＞0.05). A stratified analysis indicated that AC improved the DMFS in N3 and IVA stage patients. Compared with the NACT+IMRT group, NACT+IMRT+AC significantly increased the occurrence rates of grade 3～4 bone marrow suppression and hear loss(P＜0.05). The N staging was an independent prognostic factor for DMFS(P＜0.05). Conclusion The addition of AC provide adds no survival benefit to patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma after undergoing sequential chemoradiotherapy. However, AC seems to improve the DMFS for N3 or IVA stage patients.