Objective To study the effects and mechanisms of curcumine on rat kidney injury induced by crystallization of calcium oxalate. Methods Forty C57BL/6 rats were randomly divided into five groups: pure crystalline group(given 100 mg/kg glyoxylate), the curcumine intervention groups(given 100 mg/kg glyoxylate and different concentration of curcumine: 20, 40 and 60 mg·kg^-1·d^-1), and control group, with 8 rats in each group. After 4 weeks of the intervention, the biochemical indicators in blood and urine, the degree of kidney damage and the crystallinity of rat kidney of each group were analyzed and observed; the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and the activity of HO-1 in each renal tissue were detected; Western-blot was employed to detect the expression of NRF-2 and HO-1 in renal tissue.Results Compared with the control group, the level of urine calcium(3.37±0.13)and oxalate(2.50±0.05)mmol/L in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05). The concentration of SCr, the content of MDA, the degree crystallinity of rat kidney, and the apoptotic index of renal tubular epithelial cell in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). In the curcumine intervention groups,the level of urine calcium and oxalate, the content of MDA, the degree crystallinity of rat kidney, and the apoptotic index renal tubular epithelial cell in each group were decreased with increase of curcumine dosage, and compared with model group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The activity of HO-1, the expression of NRF-2, and HO-1 were increased, compared with model group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Curcumine has effect on relieving oxidative stress and kidney injury caused by calcium oxalate crystallization, and reducing calcium oxalate crystal formation, which may be related to the increase of NRF-2 /HO-1 protein expression.