Objective To observe the protective effects of Rhus Chinensis Mill. total phenolic acid pellets on acute myocardial ischemia induced by sublingual injection of pituitrin(pit)in rats. Methods 56 male rats were randomly divided into positive groups(Diaoxinxuekang capsules 0.061 3 g/kg and nifedipine 6.13 mg/kg), crude extract of Rhus Chinensis Mill. 9.2 g/kg, Rhus Chinensis Mill. total phenolic acid 0.195 g/kg, Rhus Chinensis Mill. total phenolic acid pellets 0.68 g/kg, normal group, and model group. The normal and model groups were given the same volume of normal saline. After intragastrical administration for 10 d, an acute myocardial ischemia model was induced by the injection of pituitrin in the rats’ tongue sublingual intravenous injection of pit at 2 h after the last administration, and electrocardiograph was observed and recorded. Meanwhile, the effect of Rhus Chinensis Mill.total phenolic acid pellets on serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and creatine kinase(CK)were investigated. Results After modeling, the model group showed significant ST segment elevation and T wave inversion, while the normal group was not found abnormal. The electrocardiogram of each administration group was improved to different extents. Rhus Chinensis Mill. total phenolic acid pellets significantly improved electrocardiogram and heart rate in rats with acute myocardial ischemia induced by pit. At the same time, the pellets reduced the incidence of myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia. The pellets reduced the activities of LDH and CK in serum. Conclusion Rhus Chinensis Mill. total phenolic acid pellets have significant preventive protection effect on acute myocardial ischemia in rats induced by pit.