Abstract: Objective To study the relationship between intracranial arterial wall and plaque characteristics and early neurological deterioration (END) in acute ischemic stroke by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI).??Methods 51 patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by intracranial atherosclerotic plaque were collected and high resolution magnetic resonance scanning was performed.??The patients were divided into the END group and the non-end group according to whether END occurred within 72 hours after the onset of cerebral infarction, and the differences of intracranial artery wall and plaque characteristics between the two groups were compared.??Results The plaque length in the END group was shorter than that in the non-end group, 6.35(9.54) v.S 10.75(9.73) (P<0.05), and the vascular remodeling index in the END group was lower than that in the non-end group.??The proportion of negative remodeling in the END group was higher than that in the non-end group (56.52% vs. 28.57%, P<0.05).??Conclusion END is closely related to vascular remodeling and plaque length in acute ischemic stroke.